Discuss How Glycogen is synthesised Angelina Lorenos

DISCUSS HOW GLYCOGEN IS SYNTHESISED GENERAL STRUCTURE INFORMATION glycogen costs polymers of glucose, think by á 1-4 glycosidic bonds. The split up points are linked by á 1-6 glycosidic bonds. The branch points legislate at 8, 9 or 10 residue spacings along the linear chain. FORMATION OF UDP GLUCOSE Glucose is transported into cells by a glucose transporter - a membrane bound protein. It is phosphorylated to primp glucose-6- inorganic phosphate. This is catalysed by hexokinase. ATP is converted to ADP, which provides the Pi required for the phosphorylation. isomerization of glucose-6-phospate make ups glucose-1-phosphate. This is catalysed by phosphoglucomtase. The enzyme Uridine diphosphate (UDP) glucose pyrophosphorylase then catalyses the synthesis of UDP glucose from glucose-1-phosphate. UDP glucose is the metabolically active variation of glucose, i.e. the form of glucose which is appropriate for animal starch synthesis. This conversion moldiness occu r before glycogen can be synthesised. Glucose Hexokinase Glucose-6-phosphate Phosphoglucomutase Glucose-1-phosphate UDP glucose pyrophosphorylase UTP PPi UDP Glucose water supply 2 Pi MAINTENANCE OF FORMATION OF GLYCOGEN Pyrophosphate (PPi) form in this reaction step is hydrolysed to form two phosphate (Pi) species. This enzymatic cleavage is mediated by pyrophosphatase. This step is exceedingly exergonic - about 30kJmol-1 under standard conditions.

This step is relevant to glycogen synthesis since it draws the reaction (UDP-glucose physical composition from glucose-1-phosphate) to the right, maintaining the formation of UDP-glucose and whence the formation of the glycog en polymer. FORMATION OF GLYCOGEN FROM UDP ! GLUCOSE UDP-glucose donates its glucosyl moiety (the delirious sugar unit) to the non-reducing leftover of a glycogen branch. The glycogen branch must comprise at least 4 residues of glucose. This add-on reaction generates an á 1-4 glycosidic linkage - so called because the link forms between the coulomb 1 of the first appearance glucosyl moiety and carbon 4 of the glucose residue at the consequence of the chain. Glycogen synthase... If you want to stun a full essay, rear it on our website: OrderEssay.net

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